ABSTRACT
Este trabajo plantea una clínica para el bruxismo, luego de dar cuenta de las causas que lo constituyen desde su fisiología. El bruxismo es producido por el impedimento de descarga por diversos motivos singulares de cada padeciente de la energía agresiva que el cuerpo tiene para defenderse u atacar. Esta energía no es exclusivamente fisiológica, sino también emocional, por lo cual hacer gimnasia o deportes no resuelve la problemática; de todos modos, la clínica a emprender debe contemplar un trabajo en ambos aspectos. Se diferencia la agresividad energía vital necesaria para el vivir cotidiano de la violencia, tomando desarrollos de Winnicott, Perls y Lorenz. Si bien las causas que impiden su descarga son diversas, la sintomatología es común. Por eso no sirve un grupo de autoayuda que no contemple la clínica singular, siendo adecuado el recurso grupal como modalidad de trabajo. Se considera que la clínica adecuada para la cura del bruxismo debe incluir: la toma de conciencia y el cambio de modalidades conductuales habituales respecto a la agresividad a la vez que su posibilidad de historizarlos, unidos a un trabajo que posibilite la descarga efectiva corporal y afectiva de las energías agresivas, realizado en una modalidad de trabajo grupal (AU)
This work proposes a clinic for bruxism, after accounting for the causes that constitute it from its physiology. Bruxism is produced by the impediment of discharge - for various reasons unique to each patient - of the aggressive energy that the body has either to defend itself or to attack. As this energy is not exclusively physiological but also emotional, doing gymnastics or sports does not solve the problem, at the same time that the clinic to undertake must contemplate working in both aspects. Aggressiveness -vital energy necessary for daily living- is differtent from violence, taking in account developments from Winnicott, Perls and Lorenz. Although the causes that prevent its discharge are diverse, they share the same symptomatology. That is why a self-help group that does not contemplate the singular clinic is not useful, being the group resource a suitable modality of work. The appropriate clinic for the cure of bruxism should take into account: the awareness and the change of habitual behavioral modalities in regard to aggression -as well as the possibility of historicizing them-, together with a work that enables the effective corporal and affective discharge of aggressive energies, carried out in a modality of group work (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Care Team , Bruxism/etiology , Bruxism/therapy , Dental Clinics , Patients/psychology , Violence , AggressionABSTRACT
Wasps, important agents for the control of insect population, have been scantily studied in the Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Sul. Current study investigates monthly variations of social wasps in microhabitats within a forest-agriculture mosaic. Samples were collected between February 2013 and February 2014, through active search and baited traps made from 2 L transparent PET bottles, in five microhabitats, namely, forest, monoculture, polyculture and the edges between the forest fragment and monoculture and polyculture, in the municipality of Doutor Maurício Cardoso. Statistical tests, similarity indices, dominance and constancy as well as PCoA were used for data analysis to group the collection. A total of 953 specimens were collected, distributed across 15 species and seven genera. Abundance differed between microhabitats and the monoculture cultivation was least similar to the other microhabitats. PCoA identified three different groups. Abundance was positively correlated with temperature, negatively correlated with air humidity and was not correlated with wind velocity. Social wasps are able to utilize resources outside the forest fragments, but monocultures may create barriers for their dispersal.
Vespas são importantes agentes controladores populacionais de outros insetos e são pouco estudadas no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Este estudo investigou a variação mensal de vespas sociais em micro-habitats em mosaico floresta-agricultura. As coletas foram realizadas entre fevereiro de 2013 e 2014, por meio de busca ativa e armadilhas atrativas do tipo PET, em cinco micro-habitats no município de Doutor Maurício Cardoso: floresta, monocultura, policultura e suas bordas com o fragmento. Para análise dos dados foram usados testes estatísticos e índices de similaridade, dominância e constância, assim como PCoA para agrupar os meses de coleta. Ao todo, 953 indivíduos foram coletados, distribuídos em 15 espécies e sete gêneros. A abundância diferiu entre micro-habitats, e a monocultura foi menos similar aos demais. A PCoA identificou três grupos diferentes. Abundância foi positivamente correlacionada com a temperatura, negativamente correlacionada com a umidade do ar e não se correlacionou com a velocidade do vento. Vespas sociais são capazes de utilizar recursos fora dos fragmentos florestais, porém monoculturas podem criar barreiras à sua dispersão.